Meitner, Lise

Meitner, Lise
► (1878-1968) Física austríaca. Descubrió, con Hahn y Strassmann, la fisión del núcleo de uranio.

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(7 nov. 1878, Viena, Austria–27 oct. 1968, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, Inglaterra).

Física alemana. Trabajó en el Instituto Kaiser Wilhelm de Berlín (1912–38), y enseñó además en la Universidad de Berlín (1926–38). En un laboratorio que instaló con Otto Hahn, aislaron el isótopo radiactivo protactinio 231. En la década de 1930, con Hahn y Fritz Strassmann (n. 1902–m. 1980), investigó los productos resultantes del bombardeo del uranio con neutrones. Dejó Alemania en 1938 para trasladarse a Suecia. Después de que Hahn y Strassmann demostraran que el bario aparece en el uranio bombardeado con neutrones, ella y su sobrino Otto Frisch (n. 1904–m. 1979) explicaron las características físicas de esta división y en 1939 propusieron el término fisión para este proceso. En 1966 compartió el Premio Enrico Fermi con Hahn y Strassmann. Al elemento 109 se le dio el nombre meitnerio en su honor.

Enciclopedia Universal. 2012.

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  • Lise-Meitner-Schule — (Lise Meitner Gymnasium, Realschule, Gesamtschule usw.) heißen mehrere nach der österreichisch schwedischen Kernphysikerin Lise Meitner (1878 1968) benannte Schulen. Deutschland Name Ort Bundesland Schulart Details zur Namensgebung Lise Meitner… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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